ls - list files ls -l -rw-rw-r-- 1 jack net_user 512 Dec 14 16:16 afile.txt drw-rw-r-- 1 jack net_user 3072 Oct 12 11:42 folderx -rw-rw-r-- indicates a file's type and permissions drw-rw-r-- same as above but the d indicates directory 1 indicates the number of links to the file jack is the user ID of the file's owner net_user is the group ID of the group that the owner belongs 512 is the size of the file in bytes Dec 14 16:16 is the time stamp (last modified) afile.txt is the name of the file d-------- indicates a directory Switches: -f directory/ exefile* regfile.txt (/ *) -u used with -l to see last access instead of last modified -s used with -l to see size in blocks instead of bytes -t sorts output by time stamp instead of name. w/-u does access -r reverses output use with -t to reverse time/access stamp out -x multi-column output Other: ls [a-ch]* - list all file beginning w/a,b,c,h. ls [a-z].?? - list all file beginning with alpha-char and two char ext