486 - 486
586 - Pentium
686 - Pentium Pro
As for the difference between a Pentium and Pentium Pro?
The Pentium Pro has a 256KB secondary cache (a portion of high speed static
memory that stores frequently used commands) built-in rather than as an external
option as it is on the Pentium.
Its built-in status means it can run at the processor's internal clock speed
(200MHz on a 200MHz Pentium Pro) rather than at 66Mhz, the speed of the external
bus. (The external bus is a collection of wires through which data is transmitted
from one part of a computer to another).
The Pro also has lots of internal improvements including: a deeper instruction
pipeline, multiple arithmetic units, better branch prediction logic and register
renaming.
Without going into this too deeply and driving you absolutely insane with
techno-terms, these features allow the processor to execute more instructions
per clock cycle, making it zippier.
When it runs 32-bit applications that are calculation-intensive, the Pentium
Pro typically runs about 1.5 times as fast as a Pentium of the same clock
speed (which is measured by the Mhz rating).
Some of the Pentium Pro's drawbacks?
Intel decided to optimize the chip for 32-bit rather than 16-bit code. So
16-bit DOS and Windows applications suffer a bit.
You might remember from an earlier column that 16-bit code moves across the
computer in chunks half as big as 32-bit code.
A 200 Mhz Pentium Pro may only achieve the speed of a 150 Mhz or 160 Mhz
Pentium with 16-bit software. Meanwhile, many DOS and Windows programs are
already 32-bit so they benefit from the Pro.